今天 世界卫生组织 宣布新冠肺炎为全球大流行病
Today, the WHO declared COVID-19 to be a pandemic.
我现在发布“居家避疫”行政命令
I'm issuing a "stay home, stay safe" executive order.
…要求几乎所有居民
…directing nearly all of our residents
就待在家里
to quite simply stay at home.
从今晚开始 我必须给出一项非常简单的指示
From this evening, I must give a very simple instruction.
各位必须待在家里
You must stay at home.
2020年3月 一种致命病毒席卷全球
March 2020. A deadly virus sweeps around the world.
（请尽量待在家中）
一夜之间 我们的生活按下了暂停键
Overnight, our lives are put on pause.
但随着人类停下脚步
But as we stop…
自然界开始发生神奇的改变
remarkable things start to change in the natural world.
空气更清新
Clearer air.
水质更干净
Cleaner waters.
动物们开始以我们几十年 未曾见过的规模繁衍生息
And animals starting to flourish in ways we hadn't seen for decades.
从封锁隔离开始 我们在五大洲进行拍摄
Filming from the start of lockdown across five continents…
记录了大自然非凡的反应
we've recorded nature's extraordinary response.
从巨大的海洋生物以新的方式与后代沟通
From ocean giants communicating in new ways with their young…
猎豹改变了它们幼崽的生存机会
And cheetahs transforming the chances of survival for their cubs…
这是它作母亲的最佳时机
This is the best time for her to be a mother.
到濒危企鹅正在经历一个破纪录的繁殖季
To endangered penguins having a record-breaking breeding season.
这是一窥野生动物生活世界的绝佳机会
This is a unique opportunity to peer into the lives and worlds of wildlife
看看在较少人类参与时 生物世界是怎样的
and see what things look like without as much of our interaction.
这是一次史无前例的全球性实验
It's a global experiment of epic proportions.
这是地球改变的一年
This is the year Earth changed.
（大卫爱登堡担任旁白）
仅在封锁几小时后 我们很多人注意到了周围的宁静
Just hours into lockdown, many of us notice the silence.
（无线电城音乐厅）
全球交通噪音减少了多达70%
With global traffic noise reduced by up to 70%,
这让人们听到一种新的声音
there is a new sound to be heard…
鸟的歌声
birdsong.
（美国 旧金山）
（都市人口 四百七十万）
这些白冠麻雀
These white-crowned sparrows
对这种宁静的反应是一种惊人的行为
adapt to the quiet by doing something astonishing.
住在金门大桥下面
Living in the shadow of the Golden Gate Bridge,
它们的歌声从前被汽车声所淹没
their song had been drowned out by cars.
而现在 这里的交通 达到了自1950年代的最低水平
But now, with the traffic here at its lowest levels since the 1950s…
研究人员惊奇地听到了 麻雀求偶声中新的音调
researchers are amazed to hear new notes in the sparrows' mating call.
这些鸟有望迎接多年来最好的繁殖季
And there's hope that the birds will have their best breeding season for years.
不仅噪音水平降低了
And it's not just noise level that reduces.
全球空气污染减少的速度也令人惊叹
The speed at which air pollution drops around the globe is staggering.
数天之内
Within days,
洛杉矶经历了40年来最好的空气质量
Los Angeles experiences its best air quality for 40 years.
在中国各地 空气中的有毒气体水平下降了一半
Across China, the levels of toxic gases in the atmosphere halve.
在印度 这里通常是世界上 污染最为严重的国家之一
And in India, which typically suffers from some of the worst pollution in the world…
在封锁仅仅12天后
just 12 days after lockdown…
（印度 贾朗达尔 人口 一百万）
…a breathtaking sight appears.
一个令人震撼的景象出现了
我们坐在桌边吃早餐
We were sitting on the table having breakfast,
然后我爸爸冲进来
and then my dad came, rushed in.
（安舒尔乔普拉）
He said, "Come upstairs. The mountains are visible."
他说：“快上楼去 可以看见山了”
业余摄影师安舒尔
Amateur photographer Anshul
去看是什么让人们如此兴高采烈
goes to see what all the excitement was about.
人们站在屋顶上说
People were standing on the rooftops saying,
“哇…山…”
"Wow. Wow. Mountains. Mountains."
我停下来 我看到了
And I pause, and I saw.
有生以来第一次晴空万里
With the clear skies, for the first time in a lifetime,
我们看到了喜马拉雅山
we can see the Himalayas.
200多公里以外
Over 200 kilometers away,
地球上最高的山脉
the highest mountain range on Earth,
在雾霾后隐藏了30年
hidden behind smog for 30 years,
突然出现在视线中
is suddenly visible.
我无法相信自己的眼睛
I couldn't believe my eyes.
喜马拉雅山一直就藏在污染的后面
The Himalayas have been right there behind the pollution all along.
安舒尔的镜头 捕捉到的这个时刻迅速传遍全球
Anshul's photograph of this moment went viral around the world.
它生动地证明了
It's a vivid illustration
当人类暂停下来 地球得以再次呼吸
that the moment we paused, the Earth was able to breathe again.
封锁延续数周
Lockdown extends into weeks.
（四个星期）
旅行禁令进一步限制了我们的行动自由
And the travel bans limit our movement still further.
你原本可能在计划的休假 取消吧
Those holidays that you might have been planning to take, cancel them.
乘客数量和乘客预订量都下降了
Passenger numbers and passenger bookings are all down.
航空旅行出现断崖式下跌
Air travel has just fallen off a cliff.
全世界下跌了大约90%
It's down roughly 90% worldwide.
2020年4月
April 2020,
国际游客减少了一亿一千四百万
and there are 114 million fewer international tourists
这是与去年同一月份相比
than in the same month the previous year.
在西班牙 游客人数从七百多万跌至零
In Spain, visitor numbers drop from over seven million to zero.
（美国 佛罗里达州 人口 两千两百万）
And in Florida, beaches normally packed with holidaymakers on spring break…
在佛罗里达州 通常海滩上挤满了度春假的人群
此时空无一人
are deserted.
这会不会是一种濒危海洋生物
Could this be the opportunity for one endangered sea creature
大量繁殖的机会呢？
to boost its numbers?
雌海龟每隔两到三年
Female sea turtles return every two to three years
回到它们自己孵化出生的海滩
to the shores where they themselves hatched
在此产卵
in order to lay their eggs.
在全球范围 海龟数量一直在急剧下降
Globally, turtle numbers have been in steep decline,
部分原因是它们不愿意 到越来越拥挤的海滩上去
partly because they have been reluctant to visit the ever-busier beaches.
然而今年…
But this year…
情况大不相同
is different.
我们的摄影师与当地研究人员合作
Our cameraman, working with local researchers,
幸运地在朱诺海滩上拍摄
is lucky enough to film here on Juno Beach…
这里是世界上最密集的 赤蠵龟产卵地点之一
one of the densest nesting sites for loggerhead turtles in the world.
随着繁殖季的开始
As the breeding season begins…
雌海龟能够安宁地产卵
the female is able to lay her eggs in peace
这是它有生以来的第一次
for the first time in her life.
在接下来的几周内
And over the following weeks,
成百上千只的雌海龟也将这样做
hundreds more do the same.
长期以来我们认为人类的干扰
It's long been thought that human disturbance
对繁殖后代的海龟而言是一个大问题
is a major problem for breeding turtles.
但这是科学家首次能够精确地测量
But this is the first time that scientists can accurately measure
这种人类影响的规模
the scale of the impact.
每天早上 这个研究人员团队
Each morning, this team of researchers
会清点海龟往巢穴爬行的轨迹数量
counted the number of turtle tracks that lead to a nest.
在过去十年中
Over the last ten years,
赤蠵龟的平均筑巢成功率
the average nesting success rate for loggerheads
下降到只有40%
had dropped to just 40%.
在它们独占海滩的情况下 它们是否更成功呢？
Have they been any more successful with the beach to themselves?
当海滩对人类关闭之后
When the beaches were closed to humans,
成功率骤增到61% 这是我们所见过的最高数字
that number jumped all the way up to 61%, which is the highest we've ever seen.
（海龟研究者 贾斯汀佩罗博士）
这是一个极大的改善
This is a dramatic improvement.
每多一个巢穴意味着多上百只左右的幼龟
Every extra nest means another hundred or so hatchlings,
每一只都有可能成为能繁殖后代的成年龟
each with the potential to become breeding adults themselves.
因为海滩关闭 这些动物能够
With these beach closures, these animals were able to do
做几百万年来它们一直在做的事
what they've been doing for millions of years
比人类在场时更加成功
more successfully than when we have a human presence.
六千公里之外
Six thousand kilometers away,
在美国的西海岸
on the west coast of America…
海浪之下变得平静
a new quiet beneath the waves offers an opportunity
为海洋中的巨大生物提供了机会
for ocean giants.
（美国 阿拉斯加东南部）
（每年游客人数 一百三十万）
Every year, more than 10,000 humpback whales
每年 一万多头座头鲸
从夏威夷…
migrate from Hawaii…
迁徙到阿拉斯加的海湾捕食
to these bays in Alaska in order to feed.
通常 它们不得不
Normally, they would have to share these waters
与每年载着一百多万游客的游轮 分享这些水域
with ships carrying a million visitors a year.
而现在 所有游轮都取消了
But now, with every cruise canceled…
这相当于水下安静了25倍
it's as much as 25 times quieter underwater.
在这种安静的环境中 科学家们使用水下麦克风
In this hush, scientists using underwater microphones
记录到一种惊人的变化
record a remarkable change.
座头鲸更经常地互相交流
Humpbacks are talking to each other more often…
并以新的方式交流
and in new ways.
这非常让人激动 并且让人感动
Well, it was really exciting and actually very moving
（鲸鱼研究者 克里斯汀加布里埃莱）
to hear these whales having this long vocal exchange.
听到这些鲸鱼进行长时间的声音交流
一头鲸发出声音 然后是一头母鲸和它的幼崽
One vocalizing, and then a mother and calf.
这是我从来没听过的
I mean, I'd never heard that before.
你可以想象如果你试图与朋友们说话
You can imagine, if you were trying to communicate with your friends,
而你在拥挤的酒吧里
and you're in a crowded bar.
这是很困难的 你不会说很多 说话时也得大喊
It's hard to do, you don't say as much, and when you do, you have to scream.
（鲸鱼研究者 苏西特尔林克博士）
可是如果你找一个舒服安静的咖啡馆
But if you find yourself a nice, quiet coffee shop
没有那么多噪音
where there isn't much noise,
你就可以进行更加深入且有意义的对话
you can carry on a much more elaborate and productive conversation.
然而还有更加出人意料的发现
But there's something even more surprising.
现在鲸鱼可以在更远的距离 进行不受干扰的交流
Now the whales can communicate across greater distances without interruption.
有些母鲸 比如这一头 会离开它的幼崽
And some mothers, like this one, leave their calves alone.
这是极其少见的
An extremely rare sight.
它现在可以去更远的地方捕食
She can now head off to feed,
因为它知道 如果幼崽需要它 它可以听见呼唤声
safe in the knowledge that she can hear her calf if it needs her.
哺乳的母鲸需要尽可能多进食
A nursing mother needs to eat as much as possible…
最好的办法是与其他成年鲸一起捕食
and the best way to do so is to hunt with other adults.
鲸鱼潜入水下
The whales dive down…
吹出一圈气泡墙
blowing a circular wall of bubbles…
将鱼群集中
corralling the fish into shoals…
然后将几千条鱼吞下
before gorging on them in their thousands.
这是大自然最壮丽的奇观之一
It's one of nature's greatest spectacles.
安静的环境让鲸鱼安心
Reassured by the quiet,
座头鲸母亲能够更经常地这样合作
humpback mothers are able to team up in this way more often.
今年 这里只有它们
This year, they've got the place to themselves.
它们可以随时随地做任何想做的事情
They're doing anything they want, wherever they want, whenever they want.
在往年
In previous years,
只有7%的幼崽能够长到成年
as few as 7% of calves made it to adulthood.
而这一季 无疑有更多幼鲸有机会生存下来
But this season, there's every chance many more will survive.
希望在鲸鱼境况不佳的几个困难年份之后
Hopefully, after a few tough years where whales were not doing so well,
（鲸鱼研究者 珍妮特尼尔森）
这次疫情能够在它们最需要的时候 给它们一个喘息的机会
this pandemic has given them a break at a time that they needed it most.
这种水下噪音水平的变化 远不止在阿拉斯加才有
This change in underwater noise levels went far beyond Alaska.
全球海运交通 在封锁的头三个月下降了17%
Global shipping traffic drops by 17% in the first three months of lockdown,
改善了海洋生物的生存状况
improving the lives of animals across the oceans.
（新西兰 豪拉基湾）
在新西兰海域的海豚
Dolphins off New Zealand
交流的距离增加为三倍
triple the range of their communication.
（加拿大 萨利希海）
And researchers in Vancouver record a fourfold reduction in ship noise
温哥华的研究人员记录到 船只噪音下降了四倍
这让虎鲸能在捕猎时
that allows killer whales to use their sonar
更有效地使用它们的超声波
more effectively in hunting their prey.
疫情持续了三个月
It's three months into the pandemic.
（三个月）
In the United States, nearly half the labor force is working from home.
在美国 几乎一半的劳动力在家工作
在全球范围内 有四分之一的商家关闭
And globally, a quarter of businesses are shut.
酒吧、餐馆和咖啡厅持续关闭
Bars, restaurants and cafés remain closed.
总之 零售业都关门了
When all is said and done, the retail business is shut down.
现在感觉像是一座废弃的城市 周围没有一个人
Right now it feels abandoned. Like there's no one around.
在世界的各大城市
Across the world's major cities,
人流量减少了90%以上
footfall is reduced by more than 90%.
城市中心几乎渺无人迹
With urban centers almost deserted…
随之出现了奇特的景象
remarkable pictures emerge
动物们在享受城市生活
of animals taking advantage of city living.
（南非 圣卢西亚）
一只河马正在前往加油站
A hippo on a trip to the gas station.
（以色列 特拉维夫）
胡狼在公园游荡
Jackals enjoying the local park.
（智利 圣地亚哥）
人行道上居然有一只美洲狮出没
Even a puma prowling the sidewalk.
然而有一种动物以别出心裁的方式
But one animal adapts to these abandoned urban spaces
适应着荒芜的城市空间
with particular ingenuity.
（日本 奈良市）
（每年游客人数 一千三百万）
奈良市是一群梅花鹿的家乡
The city of Nara has been home to a group of sika deer
这已经延续了至少一千三百年
for at least 1,300 years.
大部分它们赖以为生的草地
Most of the meadows they relied on for food
已经被建筑物所取代
had been taken over by buildings.
但这些平常胆小怕生的动物 找到了一条出路
But these normally shy animals had found a solution.
梅花鹿转而向每年到访奈良寺庙的 一千三百万游客求助
The deer turned to the 13 million annual visitors to Nara's temples…
它们发现表现出一点敬意
and discovered that showing a bit of respect…
会带来美味的奖励
would bring tasty rewards.
米糠饼干已经成为它们食物中的重要部分
Rice bran crackers had become a vital part of their diet.
但疫情改变了这种状况
But the pandemic changed that.
它们最喜欢的外卖一夜之间消失了
Their favorite takeout disappeared overnight.
没有游客就没有饼干
No people means no crackers.
有人担心梅花鹿可能会饿死
There's concern that the deer might starve.
但一些老梅花鹿似乎胸有成竹
But some of the older generation appear to have a plan.
它们带着一群鹿走出了寺庙
They lead a group out of the temple grounds.
它们似乎确切地知道该去哪里
And they seem to know exactly where they're going.
它们沿着一条主道走去
They're heading down a major road…
进入城市的水泥森林更深处
deep into the concrete jungle of the city.
可是它们在这个庞大的城市中 在哪里能找到食物？
But where will they find food in this urban sprawl?
走了2公里半的距离之后
After a two-and-a-half kilometer trek…
这群鹿停了下来
the group comes to a halt.
这片不起眼的草地 曾经是它们觅食之地的一部分
This unassuming patch was once part of their grazing grounds.
令人惊叹的是 年长的鹿
Remarkably, the older deer
似乎记得这里是它们曾经吃草的地方
seem to have remembered it as the place where they used to feed.
而且这里提供了它们需要的一切
And it provides everything they need:
青草、树叶和香草
fresh grass, leaves and herbs.
在接下来的几周中
Over the following weeks,
它们在这些仅存的零散土地上吃草
they graze across a patchwork of these surviving scraps of land.
人类的离场还有另外一个优点
And there was another upside to the absence of people.
科学家发现这种新的饮食结构 不仅让它们更加健康
Scientists have discovered that not only did this new diet make them healthier…
并且游客人数的减少 意味着塑料垃圾也减少了
but fewer visitors meant less plastic trash,
让鹿免于误食死亡的风险
which can kill deer.
即使动物似乎从我们的存在中获益
Even when it seems that animals benefit from our presence…
在很多情况下 没有我们它们会过得更好
in many cases, they're actually better off without us.
在实行封锁四个月后 在所有人类退出的地方
Four months into lockdown, and wherever we step back,
（阿根廷 布宜诺斯艾利斯 人口 一千五百二十万）
我们留下的空间 为野生动物提供了新的机会
the space we leave is providing wildlife with new opportunities.
在阿根廷
In Argentina…
通常很害羞的水豚
normally shy capybara
突袭了这个富裕郊区修剪整齐的花园
raid the manicured gardens of this well-heeled suburb…
这个郊区就建在它们曾经的湿地家园上
which has been built on their former wetland home.
似乎没有什么可以阻止它们 享受原本是它们的地盘
Nothing seems to stop them enjoying what was originally theirs.
好吧
Well…
几乎没有
almost nothing.
我们缺席的时间越长 动物们就变得越勇敢
The longer our absence continues, the more daring animals become.
当非洲的游猎季被取消
And when the safari season in Africa is canceled…
（南非 姆普马兰加省 每年游客人数 四百二十万）
…one deadly hunter rewrites the rule book.
一个致命猎手重写了游戏规则
这座豪华旅馆空空如也
This luxury lodge stands empty.
但不必多久 新的客人就开始入住了
But it doesn't take long before new guests begin to check in.
长尾黑颚猴在泳池边预订了座位
Vervet monkeys reserve a spot by the pool.
与此同时 黑斑羚和安氏林羚
While impala and nyala antelope
在尽情享用沙拉吧
take advantage of the salad bar.
但它们身后不远处
But not far behind…
出现了一只成年雄性金钱豹
a fully grown male leopard.
这种通常夜间捕猎的动物在白天出现
The appearance during the day of this usually nocturnal hunter
确实出人意料
is a real surprise.
尤其对我们的摄制组来说
Not least for our film crew.
大家站着别动
Just stand still, guys.
I've had some intimidating moments in my life, but that is at the top of it.
（野生动物摄影师 罗素麦克劳林）
我一生中遇到过一些吓人的时刻 刚才那一刻是数一数二的了
在整个非洲
Across Africa,
金钱豹有超过60%的领地已经被人类占据
leopards have lost over 60% of their territory to people,
这使得捕猎比以往更加困难
making hunting ever more challenging.
但在这里 没有游客在周围
But here, with no guests around,
金钱豹看到了机会
this leopard sees an opportunity
它的行为发生了惊人的改变
and makes a remarkable switch in his behavior.
它开始在白天捕猎
He starts hunting during the day.
也许需要尝试几次
It may take a few attempts…
但没过多久
but it's not long…
它的新策略
before his new strategy…
就取得了成果
pays off.
在非洲 金钱豹的数量
Leopard numbers in Africa
在过去25年中减少了30%以上
have dropped by over 30% in the last 25 years.
但通过充分利用这种新的 封锁期不限量自助餐
But by taking full advantage of this new all-you-can-eat lockdown buffet,
这只金钱豹过得十分惬意
this leopard is thriving.
这里几乎成了它的旅馆 它的私有王国
This pretty much has become his lodge. His private kingdom.
从病毒大流行开始已经过了六个月
It's six months since the pandemic began.
（六个月）
到9月份 40多个国家仍在实施禁令
By September, over 40 countries still have restrictions in place…
超过三十亿人口的活动受到限制
limiting the activities of over 3 billion people.
大型集会
Large gatherings,
包括现场体育赛事、音乐会和节庆活动
including live sporting events, concerts and festivals,
将不会回到人们的生活当中 除非我们有了可靠的治疗方案 比如疫苗
will not be able to return until we have a reliable treatment like a vaccine.
当我们在适应新常态时
Whilst we adjust to our new normal,
大自然的复兴在继续进行
nature's rejuvenation continues.
（印度 恒河）
印度的恒河
In India, the river Ganges
氧气含量增加了80%
shows an 80% increase in its oxygen levels.
（摩洛哥 大西洋海岸）
And on Africa's Atlantic coast,
在非洲的大西洋海岸
海水清洁度评级从差跃升到优良
the water cleanliness rating leaps from poor to excellent.
而人类放轻的脚步已持续了足够长的时间
And our lighter tread has now been continuing for long enough
让新的一代动物获益
for a whole new generation of animals to benefit.
（南非 开普敦）
（人口 四百七十万）
Here on the South African coast,
在南非海岸
一些自豪的新手父母走在清晨通勤的路上
some proud new parents are on their morning commute.
非洲公驴企鹅
African jackass penguins.
它们就在我们身边筑起了窝
They have set up home right alongside us.
在繁殖季期间
During the breeding season,
每天早上它们去海里捕鱼
every morning they head out to sea to go fishing.
它们的雏鸟要求很高
Their chicks are very demanding.
每天需要吃掉相当于体重15%的食物
They need to eat around 15% of their body weight every day.
幸运的是 公驴企鹅是优秀的猎手
Luckily, jackass penguins are highly effective hunters…
它们能够潜到水下80米处
able to dive to depths of 80 meters
享用鱼群和甲壳动物
to feast on shoals of fish and crustaceans.
但是将猎物带给饥饿的雏鸟是个问题
But delivering the catch to their hungry chicks is a problem.
在往年 这些海滩挤满了人
In previous years, these beaches were packed with people.
当企鹅捕完鱼准备返回时
And by the time the penguins were ready to return from fishing…
会发现它们的道路被挡住了
they would find their path blocked.
所以很多企鹅在岸边海上等到日落
So many of them waited offshore until sunset…
等到人群回家
when the crowds headed home.
而今年 海滩上人迹全无
But this year, the beach is deserted.
企鹅们不再需要以往的做法
The penguins abandon their old routine
如今在海中只捕鱼几小时就回家了
and now head home after just a few hours at sea
肚子里装满了给雏鸟的鱼
with a bellyful of fish for their chicks.
而且天光尚早 它们可以再去一次海里
And with plenty of daylight still in hand, they can go out to sea once more.
现在这些雏鸟一天被喂食两次 甚至三次
These chicks are now being fed twice or even three times a day.
它们不但更健康 长得更快
They're not only healthier and growing more rapidly,
而且很多家庭在成功哺育双胞胎 就像这一家
but more families like this one are successfully rearing twins.
还有更多的好消息
And there's more good news.
在接下来的几周里
Over the next few weeks,
一些父母会继续成功哺育第二窝雏鸟
some parents go on to successfully raise a second clutch of chicks,
这是过去十多年来第一次看到的情景
the first time this has been seen here in over a decade.
多年来 我们想当然地认为 这里的企鹅和人类
For years, we've assumed that penguins and people here
能和平共处
were getting along just fine.
但实际上 我们让它们的生活变得困难
But in reality, we were making their life difficult.
鉴于南非的企鹅数量
And given that penguin numbers in South Africa
在过去30年来下降了几乎70%
have dropped by almost 70% over the last 30 years…
它们很需要我们的全力帮助
they need all the help we can give them.
不仅是栖息在城市中的 动物幼崽在茁壮成长
It's not just the young of city-dwelling animals that are thriving.
目前 今年封锁限制的影响
By now, the effects of this year's restrictions
甚至在世界上最荒凉的地方也感受到了
are even being felt in the world's wildest places.
（肯尼亚 马赛马拉 每年游客人数 三十多万）
Transforming one big cat's ability to protect its young.
改变了一种大型猫科动物 保护其幼崽的能力
那就是猎豹
Cheetah.
地球上速度最快的短跑能手
The fastest sprinter on Earth.
但它们有一个弱点
But they have a weakness.
它们较小的体型意味着 它们缺乏其他掠食动物的力量
Their slight build means they lack the strength of rival predators…
比如狮子和鬣狗
like lions and hyenas.
它们会很乐意偷走猎豹的食物
They will happily steal a cheetah's meal
而且会毫不犹豫地杀死猎豹幼崽
and won't hesitate to kill a cub.
猎豹试图保持低调
Cheetahs try to keep a low profile.
但是因为有两只幼崽需要喂养
But with two cubs to feed,
这只母猎豹需要每隔两、三天 就捕获一只猎物
this mother needs to make a kill every two or three days.
在它捕猎的时候
While she hunts,
它六个月大的幼崽藏在高高的草丛中
her six-month-old cubs stay hidden in the long grass.
但一旦它捕到猎物 就会面临一个两难选择
But as soon as she's made her kill, she faces a dilemma.
它距离幼崽有几百米远
She is hundreds of meters away from them,
而猎物太大 无法拖回去
with a carcass too large to drag back.
如果它离开猎物 又会面临猎物被食腐动物偷走的风险
And if she leaves it, she will risk it being stolen by scavengers.
它的解决办法是用一种轻柔的啾鸣声
Her solution is to use a soft chirruping call…
告诉幼崽来跟它会合
to tell her cubs to join her.
它必须很小心
She must be careful.
如果它叫得太大声或太频繁
If she calls too loudly or too often,
会让敌人发现它无力自卫的幼崽
she will alert her enemies to her defenseless cubs.
正是这个时刻
And it's at this very moment
猎豹发现自己的叫声最难被听到
that cheetah here have found it hardest to be heard.
在封锁之前的年份
In the years before lockdown,
目睹猎豹捕猎
seeing a cheetah hunt was the top of the wish list
是马赛马拉游客的最大愿望
for the Maasai Mara's tourists.
但在母猎豹杀死猎物后 围在周围的人群造成了一个问题
But the crowds that surrounded the mother after her kill posed a problem.
有很多嘈杂的声音 汽车开来开去
There's a lot of commotion. Vehicles driving up and down.
（猎豹研究者 萨利姆曼德拉）
导游在无线电上讲话、人们在交谈
Guides talking on radio, people talking to each other.
喧闹淹没了
The hubbub drowned the calls
母猎豹向幼崽发出的召唤声
of mother cheetahs calling to their cubs.
那些噪音
All that noise
掩盖了猎豹赖以生存的自然信号
masks the natural cues that cheetahs rely on to survive.
它们被迫持续召唤 因此面临吸引敌人的风险
Forced to keep on calling, they risked attracting rivals.
而今年
But this year…
这位母亲几乎没有经历任何人类的干扰
this mother is experiencing almost no human disruption.
在几声召唤传过空旷的稀树草原后
After just a few calls across the empty savanna…
它的幼崽听到了召唤
her cubs hear her…
来到母亲的身旁
and join their mother.
我们发现母猎豹的召唤次数减少了
We find that mothers make fewer calls.
一、两次之后 幼崽会立刻回应
One or two times, and cubs respond immediately.
没有人类在周围
Without people around,
研究人员已经看到小猎豹们长势更好
researchers are already seeing cheetah cubs doing better.
在新冠疫情之前 只有三分之一的幼崽能生存下来
In pre-COVID times, you'll find one out of three cubs will survive.
而目前我们见到了
But currently we are coming across
更多三个月以上的幼崽
more cubs that are more than three months old,
这让我们乐观地相信
which makes us optimistic
这次我们会有更多幼崽生存下来
that this time around we are going to have more cubs surviving,
这意味着更多的猎豹
which means more cheetahs.
鉴于在非洲仅剩下大约七千只成年猎豹
With only around 7,000 adult cheetahs left in Africa…
每一只幼崽都无比珍贵
every cub is precious.
虽然今年继续为我们人类带来挑战
While the year continues to be challenging for us…
（乌干达 布温迪国家公园）
…more and more endangered animals
却有越来越多的濒危动物
生存机会得到了极大提升
are enjoying a boost to their chances of survival.
在2020年 随着干扰减少
With less disturbance during 2020,
这里的山地大猩猩
mountain gorillas here
生育的幼崽数量是以往的两倍
gave birth to twice the usual number of babies.
在英格兰的南海岸
On England's south coast,
（英格兰 多塞特）
rare spiny seahorses appear in numbers not seen for at least ten years
罕见的刺海马数量之多 是至少十年来所未见过的
这是因为它们的海草家园 从到访船只造成的破坏中逐渐恢复
as their seagrass home recovers from damage caused by visiting boats.
（肯尼亚 莱基皮亚）
And in Kenya, no rhinos were killed for their horns
在肯尼亚 没有犀牛因为它们的角被杀
这是自1999年来的第一次
for the first time since 1999.
从封锁开始已经过了一整年
It's a whole year since the start of lockdown.
（12个月）
这一年我们很多人在大自然中找到了慰藉
A year in which many of us have found comfort in the natural world.
这一年世界发生了惊人的改变
A year in which that world has changed in extraordinary ways.
全球年度二氧化碳排放量
Annual global emissions of carbon dioxide
下降了超过6%
have fallen by over 6%,
这是记录上最大的降幅
the largest drop ever measured.
在地球表面之下也经历了惊人的变化
And there have been striking changes beneath the Earth's surface too.
随着旅行和工业造成的震动减少了一半
With the vibrations from travel and industry halved,
这是有史以来地下最安静的一段时间
it's been the quietest period underground in recorded history.
但这次封锁的影响不会永远持续下去
But the impact of this lockdown won't last forever.
我们能从这一刻得到什么启迪
What inspiration can we take from this moment
来寻找更好地与大自然共处的方式？
to find ways to better coexist with nature?
在印度 有些人已经抓住机会
In India, some are already seizing the chance
与一些非常强壮
to live more harmoniously
但濒危的动物更和谐地一起生活
alongside some very powerful yet endangered animals.
（印度 阿萨姆邦 人口 三千六百万）
一只成年的亚洲象
A fully grown Asian elephant
每天都要吃150公斤的食物
needs to eat 150 kilos of food every day.
但由于它们的自然栖息地仅剩下5%
But with only 5% of their natural habitat remaining,
以及它们绝大部分的森林家园被农田取代
and with much of their forest home replaced by farmland,
这里生活的大象 常常为了生存而毁坏农作物
elephants here often raid crops to survive.
因此农民们试图保卫他们的农田
In response, the farmers try to defend their fields.
尽管如此 他们仍经常损失 一半以上赖以生存的稻米收成
But they still regularly lose over half of the rice harvest on which they depend.
我们会花一整夜
We would spend the entire night
把它们赶回森林里去
chasing them away into the forest.
可是它们还会回来
But they'd come back
（巴什卡巴拉）
and we'd have to do it all over again.
我们就得再驱赶
不仅农田受到了威胁
And it's not just farms that are at risk.
大象们还到村子里找食物
Elephants also search for food in villages
曾经踩死过人
and have ended up trampling people.
在全国各地
Across the country,
每年约有400人和100头大象
around 400 humans and a hundred elephants
在这些冲突中丧生
are killed in these conflicts every year.
而有一个社区正在尝试用一种新方式
But one community is trying a new approach
来解决这个问题
to solving the problem.
在城里工作的人因为封锁而返乡
City workers who've returned home because of lockdown
他们提供了急需的额外人手
can provide the extra hands needed
帮助完成由一家当地的 自然保护基金会发起的项目
for a project spearheaded by a local conservation trust.
在封锁期间 我们有一个很好的机会
We got a great opportunity during lockdown
（环保人士 梅格纳哈扎里卡）
为野生大象种植食物
to do plantation for wild elephants.
沿着森林的边缘 他们设立了一个缓冲区
Along the forest edge, they plant a buffer zone
种植快速生长的野生稻米和草给大象吃
of fast-growing wild rice and grasses for the elephants to eat.
有500多人的整个社区都来帮忙
The entire community of more than 500 people came to help.
（环保人士 杜鲁波拉）
仅仅几个月内
Over just a few months,
他们改造了几乎1.6平方公里的土地
they transform almost 400 acres, 1.6 square kilometers, of their land.
现在 他们不再驱赶大象
And now, instead of driving the elephants away
而是举行仪式欢迎它们
they're holding a ceremony to welcome them.
农作物可以收获了
The crops are ready for harvest.
可是大象会吃那些为它们种下的草吗？
But will the elephants eat the grasses that have been planted for them…
还是会袭击农民的田地？
or will they raid the farmers' fields?
在人们返家途中
As the people return home…
森林的边缘出现了响动
something stirs at the edge of the forest.
大象们一只接一只地从森林的掩护下走出
One by one, the elephants emerge from the cover of the trees.
母象
Mothers.
小象
Calves.
由26头大象组成的大家庭饥肠辘辘
A whole extended family of 26 hungry elephants.
可是它们会走多远？
But how far will they come?
待在森林边缘的附近
Staying close to the edge of the forest…
它们选择只吃那些专门为它们栽种的植物
they choose to feast only on the crops planted for them.
我们以前驱赶它们
Before, we used to chase them away.
但现在情况改变了
But now, things have changed.
这让人感觉很好 让我们很高兴
It feels good… makes us happy.
随着收获季节的展开
As the harvest season progresses,
大象们不再闯入农民的田地
the elephants never stray onto the farmers' fields
也不进入村子了
nor do they enter the village.
如果我们爱大象
If we love elephants
那大象也会爱我们
then elephants love us too.
一个农作物缓冲区
A buffer zone of plants
为一个多年存在的冲突
is providing a long-term solution
提供了一个长期的解决方案
to an age-old conflict.
附近的村子
And it's one which neighboring villages
也已经在与当地自然保护基金会 商讨准备采取这个做法
are already talking with the local conservation trust about adopting.
回顾过去的一年
Looking back over the past year,
这一年对我们很多人来说困难重重
one that has been so difficult for many of us,
我们能学到什么经验教训 来确保自然界的未来
what can we learn to secure the future of the natural world
和我们自己的未来？
and our own?
我们必须思考应该如何与自然共处
We have to think of how we shall coexist.
我们认识到我们能够与野生动物共享空间
Awaken us to the fact that we can share our spaces with wildlife.
不会想当然地认为
Not taking it for granted
当生活恢复正常时 我们还会一切照旧
that we're going to do the same things when we go back.
大自然如此迅速和多样的反应
The astonishing speed and variety of nature's response
显示出即使是我们生活中的微小改变
has shown that even modest changes to our lives
也会对全世界的野生动物带来重大的影响
can make a vital difference to wildlife around the world.
我们可以每年夏天实行某种小型封闭
There could be some small shutdowns every single summer.
海滩每晚关闭 不一定非得在白天关闭
Nightly beach closures. It doesn't have to be during the day.
人们能够做到很小的改变
Very small alterations that people can do
以确保人类和野生动物 和谐共处并共同繁荣
to make sure that humans and wildlife are both successful together.
我们知道如果我们让船只放慢速度
We know that if we ask vessels to go slower,
或让船只成群行进 就能减少它们的影响
and we maybe group vessel traffic, they can actually have a smaller footprint
保护水下的声音景观和鲸鱼
and protect the underwater soundscape and the whales.
我们在向公园管理部门作出建议
We are making recommendations to the park authorities
目标是在游客和导游当中 提倡良好的行为举止
that are aimed at promoting good conduct among tourists and tour guides
以确保这些动物的生存
that will ensure the survival of these animals.
这不同寻常的一年 地球改变的一年
This extraordinary year, the year Earth changed,
不仅向我们展示了 我们可以帮助野生动物繁衍生息
has not only shown us that we can help wildlife to flourish,
而且如果我们愿意这样做
but if we choose to do so,
就可以改进地球的健康 造福所有人类和动物
we can also transform the health of the planet for all.
我知道现在迫切需要我们
I know it's high time now
竭尽所能减少污染
that we should contribute in every small way we can to reduce the pollution.
并且我们发现人类并非远离大自然
And far from being separate from the natural world…
我们的生活和大自然
we've discovered that our lives are interconnected
以深刻和惊人的方式紧密相连
in deep and surprising ways.
如果我们要在未来繁荣发展
If we are to thrive in the future,
当下就是关键的时刻
now is the crucial moment
来寻找与地球上所有生物
to find ways to share our planet…
共享我们这个星球的方式
with all the life on Earth.
字幕翻译：陈晓清